Multiple
Intelligences
Over
twenty-three years ago, Dr. Howard Gardner, Professor of
Cognition and Education at Harvard Graduate School of Education,
introduced the Theory of Multiple Intelligences. While conducting
research with brain-damaged patients, he became aware that
these patients lost different abilities depending upon the
location of their brain injury. These studies suggested a biological
basis for specialized intelligences. Defining intelligence
as the ability to solve a problem or create a product that
is valued in a culture, Gardner developed criteria for determining
what set of skills make up
 |
intelligence.
It is important to note that up until this point, intelligence
had been solely
defined through standardized testing that measured mathematical
and language ability. The Theory of Multiple Intelligences
offered an entirely new schema regarding what intelligence
means. Although Dr. Gardner viewed the Theory of Multiple
Intelligences as a contribution to psychology rather than
to education, educators
readily embraced his theory, recognizing its potential implications
for the educational setting. The multiple intelligences theory
is applied in schools throughout the world today and
multiple intelligences research continues as educators further
explore and develop applications.
In
his book, Frames of Mind, Gardner (1983 /1993) identifies
the eight intelligences and
their core operations as:
| Intelligence |
Core
Operations |
| Linguistic |
syntax,
phonology, semantics, pragmatics |
| Musical |
pitch,
rhythm, timbre |
| Logical-Mathematical |
number,
categorization, relations |
| Spatial |
mental
visualization, mental transformation of images |
| Bodily-Kinesthetic |
control
of one’s own body, control of handling objects |
| Interpersonal |
awareness of others' feelings, emotions, goals, motivations |
| Intrapersonal |
awareness
of one’s own feelings, emotions, goals, motivations |
| Naturalist |
recognition
and classification of objects in the environment |
Skyview’s
active pedagogy is informed through the multiple intelligences
(M.I.). M.I. is used as a tool to
access content
and as a mechanism for delivering rich curriculum in
which an array of intelligences are blended together during
curriculum
investigations. Furthermore, student capacity and growth
within the eight intelligences is encouraged.
Active Pedagogy
Multiple Intelligences
The Personal Intelligences
Learning Expeditions
Expeditionary
Learning Schools
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